#Yellen

15 07, 2024

Karen Petrou: The Problem With Preemption

Eliza Allen2024-07-15T10:20:49-04:00July 15th, 2024|The Vault|

Last week, I wrote about the populist and progressive tie that binds each side of the U.S. political spectrum, pointing in particular to how the left and right are each calling for an end to “financial censorship.” MAGA Republicans in Florida have taken the lead here for populists with new legislation barring banks from closing accounts based on pretty much anything but the fact that the account holder took out all the money and maybe not even then. As FedFin subsequently described, Members of the House Financial Services Committee called first on Secretary Yellen and then on Chair Powell to declare that federal law preempts the state statute, noting that the Florida law bars banks from closing accounts even when money laundering is feared, imperiling law enforcement and financial integrity. Secretary Yellen called for preemption, although it’s hers only to urge, not to grant. Mr. Powell was more circumspect, but he surely supports preemption. But, this is also not for the Fed to declare; the power of preemption indeed rests with only the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. So far, it’s done nothing and the nothing it’s done points to the consequences of one of the quieter decisions in this year’s tumultuous Supreme Court term and the threat this poses to the national-bank charter.

As you well know, almost all the attention on the Supreme Court that isn’t glued to Donald Trump targeted two end-of-session decisions revoking Chevron and extending ad infinitum the statute of limitations for regulatory …

6 06, 2022

Karen Petrou: The Fed’s Political Peril

Arezou Rafikian2023-02-10T15:55:54-05:00June 6th, 2022|The Vault|

Last Wednesday, the American Banker quoted me on the politics behind President Biden’s contradictory campaign to demand inflation-stifling policies while at the same time championing Fed independence. The article quoted me accurately, but as I read it, the brevity of my comments made them seem unduly pointed. As in Renaissance Florence, modern-day Washington is awash with nuance. To understand what President Biden meant, one has to watch for the equivalent of a carefully-arched eyebrow or a seemingly-offhand remark. Those I see and hear say that the White House will not hesitate to turn the Fed into the fall guy for inflation and then defenestrate it in political self-defense.

This isn’t to say that President Biden wants to sacrifice the central bank on the midterm’s altar. Despite entreaties of his more bloody-minded political aides, the President has so far heeded Secretary Yellen and given Jay Powell the equivalent of a royal pass. Still, the carefully calibrated comments last week show that this pass is increasingly conditional.

It’s not hard to understand why those frightened of a return to what Martin Wolf last week called a U.S. autocracy are willing to push the Fed in front of the firing line. I am less and less alone in thinking that Democrats in 2016 lost it all because they trusted conventional economic thinking far too much. Still, the Biden Administration has so far made the same mistake.

Starting in 2015, the Fed said that the American economy was a “good place.” President Obama took …

16 05, 2022

Karen Petrou: When the Fed Goes from Whatever-It-Takes to Anything-We-Can-Think-Of

Arezou Rafikian2023-02-21T15:11:51-05:00May 16th, 2022|The Vault|

On Thursday, the Washington Post included an article on all the ways in which inflation hurts middle-income families, the acute shortage of baby formula, and the cooking-oil shortage’s cost impact in places ranging from a D.C. shop selling doughnuts to sub-Saharan Africa. Other articles chronicled stablecoins’ instability even as stock markets wobbled precariously above going so deeply into correction that investors are not just chastened, but also cudgeled. The same day, Chairman Powell won his second term by a wide margin even as he told Marketplace that he couldn’t promise a soft landing, didn’t mean to commit the FOMC to only fifty basis-point hikes, and knows how hard inflation hits for most households while being unsure that the Fed can do much about it. What markets make of this muddle remains to be seen by those not too faint of heart to look. What I know it means is that a White House under acute political pressure will ultimately do its best to transfer blame from 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue to 20^th and Constitution at considerable cost to coherent policy.

One might discount my prediction of a political reckoning for the Fed by pointing to President Biden’s stout defense of his central bank last week when he tried to show the nation how much he was doing to quell inflation. But a careful read of Mr. Biden’s statements shows a focus more on the Fed’s independence than on its skill. So far, Secretary Yellen has persuaded White House …

10 05, 2022

FedFin: Fed is Cautiously Optimistic re U.S. Systemic Risk

Arezou Rafikian2023-02-21T15:48:57-05:00May 10th, 2022|The Vault|

In this report, we assess the new Federal Reserve financial-stability report. Secretary Yellen is also testifying now about systemic risk and sure to get questions on the Fed’s conclusions. We will shortly send you an in-depth report on this hearing, but key to the Fed’s report is a more cautious, but still sanguine outlook. For example, banks are found to be resilient and well-capitalized despite growing Fed concern about indirect risk channels such as asset-market volatility, sanctions-related disruptions to payment…

The full report is available to retainer clients. To find out how you can sign up for the service, click here and here.…

1 12, 2021

FedFin: HFSC Throws Partisan Brickbats without Financial-Policy Impact

Arezou Rafikian2023-05-23T14:19:51-04:00December 1st, 2021|The Vault|

Continuing the partisan and often-acrimonious tone of the Senate Banking hearing (see Client Report FEDERALRESERVE64), HFSC today heard from Chairman Powell and Secretary Yellen. Much of the session was preoccupied by differing views of whom or what is to blame for inflation, with Members also squaring off on the benefit of the BBB and infrastructure bills. Many financial-policy priorities were sidelined by these big-picture battles, with the session omitting discussion of topics such as digital currency, bank consolidation, and even fair lending and diversity.

The full report is available to retainer clients. To find out how you can sign up for the service, click here.…

18 10, 2021

FedFin on: Global MMF-Reform Options

Arezou Rafikian2023-06-07T15:52:59-04:00October 18th, 2021|The Vault|

Global regulators have now finalized a framework on which national regulators may base the reforms they deemed necessary after the pandemic sparked profound disruptions in this sector. However, as with the FSB’s proposed approach, the final framework sets few parameters for jurisdictional action beyond a strong plea for action of some sort that would meaningfully address the redemption and/or liquidity risk the FSB continues to believe presents a threat to national and even global financial stability.

The full report is available to retainer clients. To find out how you can sign up for the service, click here.…

4 10, 2021

Karen Petrou: How to Ensure Equitable Fed Intervention in the Crisis Next Time

Arezou Rafikian2023-07-05T15:57:30-04:00October 4th, 2021|The Vault|

With her unerring instinct for the jugular on which media thrive, Sen. Warren on Tuesday called Jay Powell a “dangerous man.” This promptly sent many into still more feverish speculation about the Fed’s next chairman, blotting out coverage of an even more consequential development in the House: Democratic plans to rewrite the Fed’s powers in the next financial crisis. Last week, I pointed to the political price for Mr. Powell’s renomination: the Omarova appointment. A structural one with even more lasting impact is the rewrite of the Fed’s emergency-liquidity powers to, as Democrats demand, end backstops for “Wall Street” in favor of Fed facilities for everyone else.

Although little noticed, HFSC Chairwoman Waters on Thursday said for the second time in as many weeks that “Our committee is committed to ideas to ensure that facilities like these [the Fed’s in 2020] can more directly support workers and small businesses as well as state and local governments the next time there is a crisis.” Holding fire on Mr. Powell, Senate Banking Chairman Brown also targeted Fed support for Wall Street in his opening statement on Tuesday. This follows an inconclusive HFSC hearing a week or so ago on just what these new facilities might look like but make it clear that an array of reforms is under active consideration.

Importantly, these demands for people-focused facilities aren’t an isolated case of progressive pique. After the 2008 crisis, there was much bipartisan ire over whom the Fed helped how. This led to a …

27 09, 2021

Karen Petrou: The Powell Political Calculus

Arezou Rafikian2023-08-03T10:18:53-04:00September 27th, 2021|The Vault|

Although the quadrennial kerfuffle over appointment of the Federal Reserve chair gets a good deal of public attention, I cannot recall a time when anyone outside banking’s inner circles cared much about who might be the next Comptroller or Vice Chair of Supervision. And, although they’ve garnered more attention of late in the diversity context, Federal Reserve presidencies were of even less public interest. Not only are all of these appointments now proving remarkably consequential, but they also pose a particularly thorny political equation for President Biden.

While all of these finance appointments are significant, that for Jay Powell as Fed chairman is of course the most important of them all. Although key lips are publicly zipped, Treasury Secretary Yellen would like to see Mr. Powell’s reappointment as would a host of other high-impact Democratic influencers. The plethora of coverage suggesting global financial markets will collapse if Mr. Powell is deposed peddle patent nonsense, but nonetheless signify the stakes some assign to his cause.

Despite this formidable support, the Powell reappointment was still proving difficult even before the Reserve Bank stock-trading disclosures. As I noted at the time, it’s a lot easier to understand individual financial bets than monetary-policy complexities. It’s thus unsurprising that Mr. Powell’s latest concessions are proving far from satisfactory to an array of high-impact Democratic influencers very emphatically not to be found on Wall Street. One of Mr. Powell’s strengths in the renomination battle has been divisions among Democratic progressives, making this resonant scandal particularly …

15 09, 2021

FedFin on: GSEs Get a New, If Familiar, Gig

Arezou Rafikian2023-08-03T14:58:42-04:00September 15th, 2021|The Vault|

As noted yesterday, Treasury and the FHFA pulled the Trump PSPA’s plug, although importantly and widely overlooked is that this is true only when it comes to near-term asset-purchase considerations. Still, with this action atop all the others redefining Fannie and Freddie since Sandra Thompson took over, the GSEs are being reconfigured into agents of Administration policy in concert with being still more critical agencies for housing finance.

The full report is available to subscription clients. To find out how you can sign up for the service, click here.…